Uburyo Acide Amino Yavumbuwe

Acide Amino nigice cyingenzi, ariko cyibanze cya poroteyine, kandi kirimo itsinda rya amino nitsinda rya karubasi.Bafite uruhare runini muburyo bwo kwerekana imiterere ya gene, ikubiyemo guhindura imikorere ya poroteyine yorohereza ubutumwa bwa RNA (mRNA) (Scot et al., 2006).

Hariho ubwoko burenga 700 bwa aside amine yavumbuwe muri kamere.Hafi ya zose ni α-amino acide.Basanze muri:
• bagiteri
Ibihumyo
• algae
• ibimera.

Aminide acide nibintu byingenzi bigize peptide na proteyine.Acide 20 zingenzi za aminide ningirakamaro mubuzima kuko zirimo peptide na proteyine kandi bizwi ko aribwo bubaka ibinyabuzima byose byo ku isi.Zikoreshwa muri synthesis.Aminide acide igenzurwa na genetics.Aminide acide idasanzwe iboneka mu mbuto z'ibimera.
Aminide acide ni ibisubizo bya hydrolysis ya protein.Mu binyejana byinshi, aside amine yavumbuwe muburyo butandukanye, nubwo cyane cyane hakoreshejwe abahanga mu bya shimi na biohimiki bafite ubwenge buhanitse bafite ubuhanga bukomeye no kwihangana kandi bafite udushya kandi bahanga mubikorwa byabo.

Ubuvuzi bwa poroteyine bumaze imyaka, hamwe na hamwe bwatangiye mu myaka ibihumbi ishize.Inzira nuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwa tekiniki nko gutegura kole, gukora foromaje ndetse no kuvumbura ammonia binyuze mu kuyungurura amase, byabayeho mu binyejana byashize.Kujya imbere mugihe cya 1820, Braconnot yateguye glycine iturutse kuri gelatine.Yagerageje kumenya niba poroteyine zikora nka krahisi cyangwa niba zakozwe na aside na sukari.

Mugihe iterambere ryatinze muri kiriya gihe, kuva ryunguka umuvuduko mwinshi, nubwo inzira igoye yibigize proteine ​​itigeze igaragara rwose kugeza na nubu.Ariko imyaka myinshi irashize kuva Braconnot itangira bwa mbere kwitegereza.

Ibindi byinshi bigomba kuvumburwa mugusesengura aside amine kimwe no kubona aside amine nshya.Kazoza ka protein na amino acide chimie iri mubinyabuzima.Ibyo nibimara kugerwaho - ariko kugeza icyo gihe tuzamenya ubumenyi bwa aside amine na proteyine.Nyamara birashoboka ko uwo munsi utazaza vuba.Ibi byose byiyongera kumayobera, ibintu bigoye hamwe nubumenyi bukomeye bwa siyanse ya aminide acide.